Managing Differences: Multicultural Community Strategies to Prevent Conflict

Abstract

Indonesia, as a multicultural nation, faces significant challenges in managing religious, ethnic, and cultural diversity that may potentially trigger social conflict if not properly addressed. Interfaith dialogue is considered one of the most effective strategies to foster mutual understanding, reduce prejudice, and strengthen social cohesion. This study aims to examine the role of interfaith dialogue in conflict prevention within Indonesia’s multicultural society, focusing on strategies, effectiveness, and challenges in its implementation. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, with data collected through in-depth interviews with religious leaders, community figures, and government officials; participatory observation of dialogue practices; and documentation studies from relevant sources. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis and validated through source and method triangulation. The findings reveal that interfaith dialogue significantly contributes to conflict prevention by facilitating information exchange, clarifying sensitive issues, and building cross-community trust networks. Moreover, it functions as a form of preventive diplomacy, enabling early conflict detection and providing safe spaces for problem mitigation. However, challenges remain, including limited youth participation, lack of program sustainability, and insufficient institutional support. The study concludes that interfaith dialogue is a fundamental instrument for maintaining social stability in Indonesia’s multicultural context. Its success requires continuous, inclusive, and integrated implementation with education, public policy, and social development. Ultimately, interfaith dialogue not only preserves national harmony but also strengthens Indonesia’s contribution to global peacebuilding.