A Legal Analysis of Civil Law Protection for Land Rights Holders in Land Mafia Cases in Indonesia: Analisis Hukum Perdata Terhadap Kasus-Kasus Mafia Tanah di Indonesia

Muhammad Kamran; I Dewa Gede Budhy Dharma Asmara

doi:10.55227/ijhess.v6i1.2363

Authors

Muhammad Kamran Universitas Megarezky Makassar
I Dewa Gede Budhy Dharma Asmara Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v6i1.2363

Keywords:

Land mafia, civil legal protection, land rights, land disputes, legal certainty.

Abstract

Land mafia practices in Indonesia are a serious problem that causes harm to land rights holders, both materially and legally. The methods used in land mafia practices include document forgery, unlawful land occupation, abuse of authority, and manipulation of land data, which result in disputes and legal uncertainty regarding land ownership rights. This study aims to analyze the forms of civil legal protection for land rights holders in land mafia cases in Indonesia, as well as the legal remedies available to aggrieved parties. The research method employed is a normative legal analysis using a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case-based approach. Research findings indicate that civil legal protection for land rights holders is regulated by various statutory provisions, particularly in the Basic Agrarian Law and the Civil Code, through mechanisms such as civil lawsuits, certificate revocation, restoration of rights, and claims for damages. However, in practice, this legal protection has not been fully effective due to weaknesses in the land administration system, data overlaps, and the involvement of certain individuals who support land mafia practices. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the land administration system, enhance oversight, and enforce the law firmly to provide legal certainty and protection for land rights holders in Indonesia

References

A. P. Parlindungan. (2017). Legal protection for land rights holders in land disputes. IUS QUIA IUSTUM Law Journal, 24 (2): 215.

Andi Hamzah & Rina Shahriyani. (2022). Unlawful acts in land disputes. Jurnal Arena Hukum, 15 (1): 97.

Arie Lestario & Erlina. (2020). A land registration system that provides legal protection for holders of land title certificates in Indonesia. Notary Law Journal, 1 (1): 13.

Bronto Susanto. (2014). Legal certainty of land title certificates under Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997. DiH: Journal of Legal Science, 10 (20): 89.

Dadi Arja Kusuma, Rodliyah & Sahnan. (2017). Certificates of land ownership as strong evidence of rights. IUS Journal of Law and Justice, 5 (2): 312.

Dian Cahyaningrum. (2021). Restitutio in integrum as a form of remedy in land disputes. Mimbar Hukum Journal, 33 (2): 245.

Dwi Putri Prihatin. (2022). Efforts to eradicate the land mafia in achieving legal certainty in land matters. Journal of Law and Notarial Practice, 6 (2): 144.

Dwi Putri Prihatin. (2022). Optimizing land law enforcement against land mafia practices. RechtIdee Journal, 17 (2): 220.

Elza Syarief. (2018). The role of land registration in providing legal certainty. Prioris Law Journal, 6 (1): 44.

Erna Sri Wibawanti. (2018). The effectiveness of unlawful acts lawsuits in land disputes. RechtIdee Journal, 13 (1): 55.

Erna Sri Wibawanti. (2019). The effectiveness of the enforcement of rulings revoking land title certificates. RechtIdee Journal, 14 (2): 110.

Faisal Santiago. (2018). Resolving land disputes through litigation. Lex Publica Journal, 5 (1): 67.

Fajar Sugianto. (2021). The concept of damages in Indonesian civil law. Jurnal Yudisial, 14 (3): 356.

I Made Suwitra. (2018). Legal protection of land rights in Indonesia. Udayana Law Journal, 7 (3): 367.

I Nyoman Nurjaya. (2016). Evidence in land disputes in court. Yustisia Journal, 5 (1): 88.

Indri Hadisiswati. (2014). Legal certainty and legal protection of land rights. Ahkam: Journal of Islamic Law, 2(1), 118–146. https://doi.org/10.21274/ahkam.2014.2.1.118-146

Iwan Permadi. (2022). Challenges in law enforcement against land mafia in Indonesia. Jurnal Yuridika, 37 (1): 102.

Iwan Permadi. (2023). Legal protection for landowners against land mafia crimes. Jurnal Ius Constituendum, 8 (2): 230.

Johnny Ibrahim. (2013). Teori dan metodologi penelitian hukum normatif. Malang: Bayumedia Publishing.

Kholissatus Sa’adah, Rahmat Saputra & Diana Fitriana. (2025). Legal protection for owners of overlapping land certificates in PTSL program. Sasana Law Journal, 11 (1): 78.

M. Syahrul Rizal. (2022). Non-pecuniary damages in civil land cases. Jurnal Yuridis, 9 (2): 173.

Maria S.W. Sumardjono. (2012). Legal certainty in land registration and its benefits for the community. Mimbar Hukum Journal, 24 (1): 25.

Maria S.W. Sumardjono. (2013). Land from the perspective of economic, social, and cultural rights. Journal of the Judicial Commission, 6 (2): 150.

Maria S.W. Sumardjono. (2016). Legal certainty in land registration and its challenges. Mimbar Hukum Journal, 28 (3): 402.

Mhd. Yusrizal Adi Syaputra. (2021). Resolving land disputes arising from duplicate certificates. Rechts Vinding Journal, 10 (1): 95.

Nurhayati Ali Hasan. (2021). Obstacles to the resolution of land disputes through civil proceedings. Ius Quia Iustum Law Journal, 28 (1): 88.

Peter Mahmud Marzuki. (2021). Penelitian hukum. Jakarta: Kencana.

Rahmat Ramadhani. (2017). Legal certainty ensured by land title certificates. De Lega Lata Journal, 2 (1): 141.

Rahmat Ramadhani. (2019). The role and responsibilities of land deed officers (PPAT) in preventing land disputes. De Lega Lata Journal, 4 (2): 275.

Rahmat Ramadhani. (2020). Legal protection for victims of land disputes. De Lega Lata Journal, 5 (2): 201.

Rian Saputra & M. Yasir Said. (2020). The systematic land registration program and legal certainty. Journal of Legal Reform, 24 (2): 156.

Rina Shahriyani Shahrullah. (2021). Digitization of the land system and legal certainty. Indonesian Journal of Legislation, 18 (3): 341.

Rina Shahriyani Shahrullah. (2022). Effectiveness of land administration digitization in preventing land mafia activities. Indonesian Journal of Legislation, 19 (3): 312.

Siti Nurhayati. (2020). Land conflicts and protection of community rights. Arena Hukum Journal, 13 (2): 211.

Siti Nurjannah. (2019). The legal force of land title certificates as evidence. Lex Renaissance Journal, 4 (3): 498.

Soerjono Soekanto & Sri Mamudji. (2015). Penelitian hukum normatif: Suatu tinjauan singkat. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.

Subekti. (2014). Contract law. Jakarta: Intermasa.

Subekti. (2017). Unlawful acts in land disputes. Journal of Civil Law, 7 (1): 44.

Suwarno, A., Hein, L., & Sumarga, E. (2015). Governance, decentralisation and deforestation in Central Kalimantan. Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture, 54(1), 77–100. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.206297

Urip Santoso. (2012). Agrarian law & land rights. Jakarta: Kencana.

Urip Santoso. (2013). The role of the principle of publicity in land registration. Yuridika, 28 (2): 205.

Urip Santoso. (2018). Legal protection for land rights holders in land disputes. IUS QUIA IUSTUM Law Journal, 25 (1): 120.

Yahya Harahap. (2016). Civil procedure law. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.

Yulia Hapsari. (2022). Legal protection for land rights holders in land disputes in Indonesia. RechtsVinding Journal, 11 (2): 214.