Economic Development and Human Security: Evidence from Muhanga District, Rwanda

Emmanuel Munana Ntaganira; Solomon  P.K. Muhindi; Samuel M. Karenga

doi:10.55227/ijhess.v6i2.2459

Authors

Emmanuel Munana Ntaganira Mount Kenya University
Solomon P.K. Muhindi Mount Kenya University
Samuel M. Karenga Mount Kenya University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v6i2.2459

Keywords:

Keywords: Economic development; Human security; Muhanga District; Rwanda; Household welfare.

Abstract

Economic development is widely recognized as a key engine of human security by improving livelihoods, access to essential services, and resilience to socio-economic vulnerabilities. However, limited empirical evidence exists at the district level in Rwanda on this relationship. This research explored the relationship between economic development and human security in Muhanga District, Rwanda. A cross-sectional survey design was used with 402 household respondents. Data collection was carried out using structured questionnaires measuring economic development (access to water, electricity, soil conservation, agricultural services, social cohesion, food security, and welfare) and human security (food, economic, personal, community, health, and environmental security). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27 through descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and simple linear regression. Respondents reported positive perceptions of economic development (M = 3.95) and human security (M = 3.96). A strong positive relationship was found (r = .741, p < .001), and economic development significantly predicted human security (β = .741, R² = .549). Economic development significantly enhances human security in Muhanga District, with infrastructure, agriculture, and service access playing central roles.

Author Biographies

Solomon P.K. Muhindi, Mount Kenya University

Lecture Mount Kenya University School of Postgraduate Studies

Samuel M. Karenga, Mount Kenya University

Senior Lecturer (College of Graduate Studies & Research) Employment

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