Tourism Development in the Sumenep Archipelago: Policy, Infrastructure, and Stakeholder Synergy

Siska Armawati Sufa; Slamet Riyadi; Agustiawan Djoko Baruno; Garry Brumadyadisty; Irzameingindra Putri Radjamin

doi:10.55227/ijhess.v5i4.2179

Authors

Siska Armawati Sufa Universitas Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya, Indonesia
Slamet Riyadi Universitas Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya, Indonesia
Agustiawan Djoko Baruno Universitas Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya, Indonesia
Garry Brumadyadisty Universitas Islam Syekh Yusuf, Tangerang, Indonesia
Irzameingindra Putri Radjamin Universitas Surabaya, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v5i4.2179

Keywords:

stakeholder synergy, island tourism, infrastructure, collaborative governance, community participation

Abstract

Tourism development in the Sumenep Archipelago faces complex challenges due to geographical fragmentation and limited stakeholder synergy. Despite its significant potential in marine and cultural tourism, efforts remain hindered by sectoral coordination, policy misalignment, and uneven infrastructure development. This study investigates how stakeholders communicate and collaborate in tourism development, identifies key obstacles in implementing tourism policies and infrastructure, and explores local community involvement across island districts such as Gili Iyang, Kangean, and Gili Labak. Using a qualitative approach and multi-case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The findings indicate that stakeholder communication is fragmented and project-dependent, lacking a formal collaboration forum. Infrastructure challenges include poor accessibility, weak digital connectivity, and insufficient sanitation facilities. Policy gaps emerge from the disconnect between national frameworks and island-specific spatial and logistical needs. Meanwhile, local communities participate mainly as microeconomic implementers with minimal empowerment, institutional support, or access to capital. The study concludes with a recommendation to establish participatory policies, strengthen local institutions, and facilitate cross-sector collaboration to build an inclusive, adaptive, and sustainable tourism governance model for the Sumenep Archipelago.

References

Amni, Z. R., Dyah, L., Prihantoro, & Nilam, A. R. (2025). Empowering Local Communities: A Public Governance Advocacy Framework for Sustainable Tourism Development. Publisia: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Publik, 10(2 SE-PUBLISIA: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Publik), 154–170. https://doi.org/10.26905/pjiap.v10i2.16027

Areros, W. A., Lengkong, F. D. J., & Londa, V. Y. (2022). Implementation of Tourism Village Policy in South Minahasa Regency. Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Social Sciences Study, 3(3), 64–71. https://doi.org/10.47616/jamrsss.v3i3.304

Arifin, S., Azinuddin, M., Som, A. P. M., Ibrahim, A., & Hanafiah‬, M. H. (2025). Collaborative Communication For sustainable Tourism in Asia: A case study From Madura Island. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 17(3), 413–421. https://doi.org/10.1108/whatt-01-2025-0042

Atsakpo, A. A., Mensah, C., Boakye, K. A., Afenyo-Agbe, E., & Danquah, B. (2024). Stakeholder Collaboration in Tourism Governance in Ghana. African Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 4(1), 26–44. https://doi.org/10.47963/ajhtm.v4i1.1144

Bozdaglar, H. (2023). The Role of Stakeholder Involvement in Promoting Sustainable Tourism Development in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. International Journal of Science and Management Studies (Ijsms), 287–290. https://doi.org/10.51386/25815946/ijsms-v6i1p124

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). In Research Defign: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed M ethods Approaches. Sage Publications.

Dagdag, D. (2023). Ecotourism Community Perception in Southern Cagayan Valley: Proposed Sustainable Action Plan. International Journal of Research Studies in Management, 11(14). https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsm.2023.1178

Dodds, R. (2023). Assessing Stakeholders’ Views of Tourism Policy in Prince Edward County. https://doi.org/10.32920/22183732

Explore Madura. (2015). Pesona Pantai Sembilan Wisata Gili Genting Madura. Explore Madura. https://www.exploremadura.com/2020/09/pantai-sembilan-gili-genting.html

Gikonyo, J. (2024). Effect of Political Stability on International Tourism in Kenya. International Journal of Modern Hospitality and Tourism, 4(2), 27–38. https://doi.org/10.47604/ijmht.3058

Güzel, Ö., Nacak, E., Bilgi, E., & Kalın, V. (2020). Sustainable Tourism and the Roles of Tour Guides in Destinations: A Qualitative Case Study in Turkey. Journal of Economy Culture and Society, 0(0), 0. https://doi.org/10.26650/jecs2020-0015

Hendrayani, Y., Zen, I. S., Uljanatunnisa, & Maryam, S. (2025). Nglanggeran Village: A Model for Sustainable Tourism Through Multi-Stakeholder Engagement and Corporate Social Responsibility. Sage Open, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251363672

Indonesiana. (2023). Sapeken, Keindahan Pulau Kecil dengan Pantai Pasir Putih Menawan di Sumenep. Indonesiana. https://www.indonesiana.id/read/170026/sapeken-keindahan-pulau-kecil-dengan-pantai-pasir-putih-menawan-di-sumenep

Jasrotia, A., & Gangotia, A. (2023). Manifesting Smart Tourism Destinations: A Study Based on Selected Himalayan Cities in India. Turyzm/Tourism, 33(2), 43–53. https://doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.33.2.04

Kabupaten Sumenep. (2016). Mengenal Asal-Usul Pulau Giliyang Sebagai Tempat Wisata Kesehatan. Kabupaten Sumenep. https://www.sumenepkab.go.id/berita/baca/mengenal-asal-usul-pulau-giliyang-sebagai-tempat-wisata-kesehatan

Khan, M. R., Khan, H. U. R., Lim, C. K., Tan, K. L., & Ahmed, M. F. (2021). Sustainable Tourism Policy, Destination Management and Sustainable Tourism Development: A Moderated-Mediation Model. Sustainability, 13(21), 12156. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112156

Kompasiana. (2024). Snorkeling di Pulau Menjangan Nikmati Sisa Surga Bawah Laut Bali. Kompasiana. https://www.kompasiana.com/pandubalitour/66324b6d147093111c199952/snorkeling-di-pulau-menjangan-nikmati-sisa-surga-bawah-laut-bali

Kuntariningsih, A., Risyanti, Y. D., Supriyanto, S., & Soehari, H. (2023). Community Empowerment Model Through Village Intitutions to Organize Events. Ictmt, 1(1), 631–638. https://doi.org/10.56910/ictmt.v1i1.137

Kuščer, K., Peters, M., & Schönherr, S. (2024). Tourism Policymaking in Troubling Times: Sustainability-Driven Challenges, Implemented Policies, and Goals for Sustainable Development. Sustainability, 16(23), 10599. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162310599

Li, Z., Li, H., & Liu, X. (2023). Finer-grained understanding of travel livestreaming adoption: A synthetic analysis from uses and gratifications theory perspective. Tourism Management Perspectives, 47, 101130. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101130

Medeiros, H. M. N., Guerreiro, Q. L. de M., Vieira, T. A., Silva, S. M. S. da, Renda, A. I., & Oliveira, J. M. B. de. (2021). Alternative Tourism and Environmental Impacts: Perception of Residents of an Extractive Reserve in the Brazilian Amazonia. Sustainability, 13(4), 2076. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13042076

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook (3 ed.). Arizona State University.

Mutanga, C. N., Masunga, G. S., Kolawole, O. D., Gondo, R., & Mbaiwa, J. E. (2025). Media framing of stakeholders’ perceptions on the sustainability of tourism development at Chobe National Park Riverfront in Botswana: insights for sustainable tourism planning. Scientific African, 29, e02876. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02876

Nashihah, D., Dwinugraha, A. P., & Puspaningrum, F. A. (2024). Fostering collaborative approaches for sustainable tourism development on Bawean Island. 9(2), 172–181.

Nguyen, T. Q. T., Thai, N. V, Hoàng, T. T. H., Tran, T. H., & Thảo, N. T. P. (2024). Social Networking, Environmental Awareness and Sustainable Tourism Development in Da Nang, Vietnam. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 25(3), 475–488. https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584241234269

Nurjaya, I. N. (2022). Global Principles of Sustainable Tourism Development Ecological, Economic and Cultural. Sociological Jurisprudence Journal, 5(2), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.22225/scj.5.2.2022.97-106

Ordóñez-Martínez, D., Seguí‐Pons, J. M., & Ruíz, M. (2023). Conceptual Framework and Prospective Analysis of EU Tourism Data Spaces. Sustainability, 16(1), 371. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16010371

Panagiotopoulou, P. (2025). Stakeholders ’ Involvement in Sustainable Destination Management : A Systematic Literature Review of Existing Multi-Stakeholder Frameworks and Approaches.

Putro, H. P. H., Furqon, A., & Brilliyanti, A. (2024). The Position of Stakeholders Involved in the Collaboration of the Tourism Destination Governance in Pangandaran, West Java - Indonesia. Journal of Management Info, 6(1), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.31580/jmi.v6i1.488

Rahmawati, P. I. (2023). The Strategy for Development of Heritage Tourism in Singaraja City. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Sains Dan Humaniora, 7(1), 78–86. https://doi.org/10.23887/jppsh.v7i1.59629

Rasethuntsa, B. C., & Perks, S. (2022). Travel and Tourism Policies and Enabling Conditions: An Analysis of Strategies in Mauritius and Egypt. Turyzm/Tourism, 32(1), 159–183. https://doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.32.1.08

Rhamadona, S., Sufa, S., Indrasari, M., Brumadyadisty, G., & Asnawi, A. (2024). Analyzing the Digital Entrepreneurship Academy of Ministry of Communication and Information Surabaya in Pamekasan. International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 6(1), 66–69. https://doi.org/10.56338/ijhess.v6i1.4491

Risfandini, A., Thoyib, A., Noermijati, N., & Mugiono, M. (2022). The Determinant Factors of Tourism Destination Competitiveness and Destination Management: A Case Study From Malang City. 879–886. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_110

Roxas, F. M. Y., Rivera, J. P. R., & Gutierrez, E. L. M. (2020). Mapping stakeholders’ roles in governing sustainable tourism destinations. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, 387–398. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.09.005

Yuniningsih, T., Subowo, A., & Sulandari, S. (2022). Tourism Development on the Island of Penyengat in Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.14-9-2021.2321405