Cak Nur Pluralism: Criticism Of The Phenomenon Religious Intolerance In Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i4.803Keywords:
Pluralism, Tolerance, Intolerance, Cak Nur, islamAbstract
This article discusses the phenomenon of religious intolerance in Indonesia through Cak Nur's perspective of pluralism. Pluralism, which is the main framework of this article, is the basis for revealing the complexity of the challenges faced by Indonesian society in understanding and appreciating religious pluralism. Cak Nur, a contemporary Islamic thinker and intellectual, provides a rich perspective on religious diversity and the importance of tolerance in religious dialogue. This article aims to highlight a number of factors that influence the emergence of intolerance in Indonesia. In this article the author uses a qualitative method, namely exploring and studying themes that are relevant to the theme of this article. Even though this country is rich in religious diversity, some groups still experience inequality and there are still tensions between religions. Within the framework of Cak Nur's pluralism, this article presents solutions based on dialogue and education from the perspective of Islamic teachings to overcome misunderstandings about the nature of religious diversity. This analysis also includes the role of social media, especially the Instagram account @jaringangusdurian in shaping public opinion regarding religious tolerance. By understanding Cak Nur's views, this article invites readers to understand and reflect on how Indonesian society can form a shared awareness of the values of pluralism, so that acts of intolerance in the name of religion no longer occur in the archipelago. This article uses Cak Nur's inclusive approach as a key step to reduce tensions and build a solid foundation for religious discourse.
References
Adistyasari, N. (2020). Analyzing the Use of P2P Lending Mobile Applications in Greater Jakarta. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 9(2), 2010–2020. https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2020/172922020
Arslan, A., Buchanan, B. G., Kamara, S., &; Al Nabulsi, N. (2022). Fintech, base of the pyramid entrepreneurs and social value creation. Jou Al Qurtuby, S. (2015). ambonese muslim jihadists, islamic identity, and the history of christian–muslim rivalry in the moluccas, eastern indonesia. International Journal of Asian Studies, 12(1), 1–29.
Alam, L., Lahmi, A., Alam, M., & Aminah, A. (2022a). The rise of the urban piety movement: Jamaah Maiyah as an urban spiritualism and emerging religiosity in the public sphere. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 10(3), 745–762.
Alam, L., Lahmi, A., Alam, M., & Aminah, A. (2022b). The Rise of the Urban Piety Movement: Jamaah Maiyah as an Urban Spiritualism and Emerging Religiosity in the Public Sphere. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 10(3), 745. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v10i3.711
Ali Halidin, Zakiah, S., Ishak, & Hasbi, M. (2022). Segregation and the Legality of Religious Diversity. Pappaseng: International Journal of Islamic Literacy and Society, 1(2), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.56440/pijilis.v1i2.41
Amali, M. (2019). From politics to education: Nurcholish Madjid and the reform of education in Indonesia. Hayula: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Studies, 3(1), 17–40.
Anshori, M., Suwarno, S., & Kasbani, K. (2022). Management of Facilities and Infrastructure in Improving The Quality of Islamic Education. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 5(3), 928–939. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v5i3.2339
Baihaki, E. S. (2017). Strengthening Bhinneka Tunggal Ika As An Identity And Unifier Of The Nation: Realizing A Peaceful Islam And Statehood Harmonization. ADDIN, 11(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.21043/addin.v11i1.1965
Burhani, H., Waseso, H. P., Atieqoh, S., & Hamidi, A. L. (2021). Mainstreaming Religious Moderation on Millennial Generation through Religious Literacy on Social Media. ISRL 2020: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Religious Life, ISRL 2020, 2-5 November 2020, Bogor, Indonesia, 79. European Alliance for Innovation.
D. E. S., & Stevanus, K. (2023). Significance of Islam Nusantara Values in an Indonesian Multicultural Society. Journal of Al-Tamaddun, 18(1), 203–214. https://doi.org/10.22452/JAT.vol18no1.17
Faqihuddin, A. (2023). Religious Pluralism According To The Thought Of Nurcholish Madjid In The Indonesian Context. Al-Risalah: Jurnal Studi Agama Dan Pemikiran Islam, 14(2), 412–424. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.34005/alrisalah.v14i2.2715
Farchan, Yusa’. (2019). Reasoning of Liberal Islam: A Study on Islamic Perspectives in Liberal Islam Network Jakarta. Analisa Journal of Social Science and Religion, 1(2), 180–198.
Farchan, Yusa’, & Rosharlianti, Z. (2021). The Trend of Hijrah: New Construction of Urban Millennial Muslim Identity in Indonesia. The Sociology of Islam, 4(2), 182–205. https://doi.org/10.15642/jsi.2021.4.2.182-205
Hamzah, I. F., Akbar, Z. Y., & Grafiyana, G. A. (2021). Social Identity of Non-Moslem Students In Muhammadiyah Universities. Halaqa: Islamic Education Journal, 5(1), 1–11.
Huda, S., Tsani, I., Syazali, M., Umam, R., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2020). The management of educational system using three law Auguste Comte: A case of Islamic schools. Management Science Letters, 10(3), 617–624. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.9.018
Imronudin, I., & Muhammad, R. (2023). Discourse from the Perspective of Mohammed Arkoun: An Examination of the Values of Interfaith Dialogue. Potret Pemikiran, 27(1), 94. https://doi.org/10.30984/pp.v27i1.2367
Islamy, A. (2018). Harmonization of Religion and State: Mainstreaming the Values of Religious Moderation in Indonesian Da’wah Orientation.
Karim, A., Purnomo, H., Fikriyah, F., & Kardiyati, E. N. (2020). A Charismatic Relationship: How a Kyai’s Charismatic Leadership and Society’s Compliance are Constructed? Journal of Indonesian Economy & Business, 35(2).
Kasdi, A. (2018). Islamic Dialectics and Culture in Establishing Islam Nusantara Paradigm: Variety Model of Islam Nusantara for Indonesia. ADDIN, 12(2), 299. https://doi.org/10.21043/addin.v12i2.4537
Madakir, M., Firdaus, S., Hajam, H., & Hidayat, A. (2022). Multicultural Islamic Education of Nurcholis Madjid Perspective: A Literature Review. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 9(5), 191–201.
Madrianah, M., Kausar, A., Muchsidin, F. P., & Verawaty, V. (2023). Pengaruh E-Commerce terhadap Pendapatan UMKM yang Bermitra Gojek dalam Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Makassar. JEMMA (Journal of Economic, Management and Accounting), 6(1), 34. https://doi.org/10.35914/jemma.v6i1.1659
Makin, A. (2019). Returning to the Religion of Abraham: Controversies over the Gafatar Movement in Contemporary Indonesia. Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations, 30(1), 87–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2019.1570425
Meslec, N., Curseu, P. L., Fodor, O. C., & Kenda, R. (2020). Effects of charismatic leadership and rewards on individual performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 31(6), 101423. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2020.101423
Nasution, I. F. A. (2021). The Spread of Radicalism Movements in Indonesia: The State’s Accomodative Political Gradation Post-Reform. J. Legal Ethical & Regul. Isses, 24, 1.
Pektas, S. (2021). A comparative analysis of three Sunni Muslim organizations on ‘moderate’ and ‘radical’ Islam in Egypt, Morocco and Indonesia. Religion, 51(2), 190–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/0048721X.2020.1868383
Ridwan, A. H. (2020). Fiqh Pluralism: Comprehensive Analysis of Nurkholish Madjid Ideas Regarding Hermeneutics. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 55(1). https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.55.1.48
Sabrina, L., & Ahmadi, R. (2021). SUFISM MEMES: Gus Mus’s Representation in Countering the Narrative of Religious Fundamentalism on Social Media. Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 21(2), 237–260.
Setiawan, A. (2022). Polemic and Reasons for Reusing Wayang and Gamelan as A Medium for Contemporary Preaching Islam Religion in Central Java, Indonesia. Harmonia: Journal of Arts Research and Education, 22(2), 254–267. https://doi.org/10.15294/harmonia.v22i2.37525
Sulaiman, S., Imran, A., Hidayat, B. A., Mashuri, S., Reslawati, R., & Fakhrurrazi, F. (2022). Moderation religion in the era society 5.0 and multicultural society. Linguistics and Culture Review, 6(S5), 180–193. https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v6nS5.2106
van Es, M. A., Laan, N. ter, & Meinema, E. (2021). Beyond ‘radical’ versus ‘moderate’? New perspectives on the politics of moderation in Muslim majority and Muslim minority settings. Religion, 51(2), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/0048721X.2021.1865616
Woodward, M. (2017). Islam Nusantara: A Semantic and Symbolic Analysis. Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage, 6(2), 181–198. https://doi.org/10.31291/hn.v6i2.398
Yanto, M. (2021). Management Problems of Madrasah Diniah Takmiliyah Awaliyah Rejang Lebong Old Religious Units in Memorizing Al-Qur’an Juz Amma. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 4(2), 235–248. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v4i2.1433
rnal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 29(3), 335–353. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-10-2020-0370
Breidbach, C. F., Keating, B. W., &; Lim, C. (2019). Fintech: Research directions to explore the digital transformation of financial service systems. Journal of Service Theory and Practice, 30(1), 79–102. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTP-08-2018-0185
Christian, S., Wiradinata, T., Herdinata, C., &; Setiobudi, A. (2020). Environmental Factors Affecting the Acceleration of Financial Technology (Fintech) Adoption by SMEs in the East Java Region. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Entrepreneurship and Business Management (ICEBM 2019) UNTAR. 8th International Conference of Entrepreneurship and Business Management Untar (ICEBM 2019), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200626.065
Firmansyah, E. A., Masri, M., Anshari, M., &; Besar, M. H. A. (2022). Factors Affecting Fintech Adoption: A Systematic Literature Review. FinTech, 2(1), 21–33. https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech2010002
Goswami, S., Sharma, R. B., & Chouhan, V. (2022). Impact of Financial Technology (Fintech) on Financial Inclusion(FI) in Rural India. Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance, 10(2), 483–497. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujaf.2022.100213
Imam, T., McInnes, A., Colombage, S., &; Grose, R. (2022). Opportunities and Barriers for FinTech in SAARC and ASEAN Countries. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 15(2), 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15020077
Jünger, M., &; Mietzner, M. (2018). Banking goes digital: The adoption of FinTech services by German households.
Kumar, V., Sindhwani, R., Behl, A., Kaur, A., &; Pereira, V. (2023). Modelling and analysing the enablers of digital resilience for small and medium enterprises. Journal of Enterprise Information Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-01-2023-0002
Liu, F., Wang, Q., Zhang, Z., Fang, M., & Xiao, S. (Simon). (2023). Lean inventory, fintech and financing: Interactive influences on Chinese SMEs. Management Decision, 61(8), 2302–2321. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-06-2022-0878
Morgan, P. J., &; Trinh, L. Q. (2020). Fintech and financial literacy in Viet Nam.
Nangin, M. A., Barus, I. R. G., & Wahyoedi, S. (2020). The Effects of Perceived Ease of Use, Security, and Promotion on Trust and Its Implications on Fintech Adoption. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 5(2), 124–138. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.5.2.124-138
Nugraha, D. P., Setiawan, B., Nathan, R. J., &; Fekete-Farkas, M. (2022). Fintech Adoption Drivers for Innovation for SMEs in Indonesia. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(4), 208. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8040208
Pascucci, F., Domenichelli, O., Peruffo, E., &; Gregori, G. L. (2022). Family ownership and the export performance of SMEs: The moderating role of financial constraints and flexibility. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 29(4), 602–626. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-03-2021-0113
Qureshi, A. M., Rehman, F., Khan, M. K., &; Khan, A. (2023). Nexus between Fintech Adoptability and Customer's Perception towards Fintech in the Islamic Banking Industry. Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 11(3), 3155–3174. https://doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2023.1103.0603
Singh, S., Sahni, M. M., &; Kovid, R. K. (2020). What drives FinTech adoption? A multi-method evaluation using an adapted technology acceptance model. Management Decision, 58(8), 1675–1697. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-09-2019-1318
Song, H., Han, S., Liu, W., &; Ganguly, A. (2023). What role do FinTech companies play in supply chain finance? A signaling intermediary perspective. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 38(6), 1279–1294. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-12-2021-0587
Thottoli, M. M. (2023). The tactician role of FinTech in the accounting and auditing field: A bibliometric analysis. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-11-2021-0196
Trianto, B., Nik Azman, N. H., &; Masrizal, M. (2023). E-payment adoption and utilization among micro-entrepreneurs: A comparative analysis between Indonesia and Malaysia. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-12-2022-0207
Utami, N., &; Sitanggang, M. L. (2021). The Effect of Fintech Implementation on The Performance of SMEs. Journal of International Conference Proceedings, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.32535/jicp.v4i3.1342
Yadi, L., Yuning, S., Jiayue, Y., Yingfa, X., Yiyuan, W., &; Xiaoping, Z. (2019). Big-data-driven Model Construction and Empirical Analysis of SMEs Credit Assessment in China. Procedia Computer Science, 147, 613–619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.01.205
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Hendrikusi Maku, Alfian Tanggang, Joannes George Maria, Julio Pius Zoraida Dopo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
